Circuits/Assets/Photon/PhotonRealtime/Code/LoadbalancingPeer.cs

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <copyright file="LoadBalancingPeer.cs" company="Exit Games GmbH">
//   Loadbalancing Framework for Photon - Copyright (C) 2018 Exit Games GmbH
// </copyright>
// <summary>
//   Provides operations to use the LoadBalancing and Cloud photon servers.
//   No logic is implemented here.
// </summary>
// <author>developer@photonengine.com</author>
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#if UNITY_4_7 || UNITY_5 || UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
#define SUPPORTED_UNITY
#endif


namespace Photon.Realtime
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using ExitGames.Client.Photon;

    #if SUPPORTED_UNITY
    using UnityEngine;
    using Debug = UnityEngine.Debug;
    #endif
    #if SUPPORTED_UNITY || NETFX_CORE
    using Hashtable = ExitGames.Client.Photon.Hashtable;
    using SupportClass = ExitGames.Client.Photon.SupportClass;
    #endif


    /// <summary>
    /// A LoadBalancingPeer provides the operations and enum definitions needed to use the LoadBalancing server application which is also used in Photon Cloud.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This class is internally used.
    /// The LoadBalancingPeer does not keep a state, instead this is done by a LoadBalancingClient.
    /// </remarks>
    public class LoadBalancingPeer : PhotonPeer
    {
        /// <summary>Obsolete accessor to the RegionHandler.PingImplementation.</summary>
        [Obsolete("Use RegionHandler.PingImplementation directly.")]
        protected internal static Type PingImplementation
        {
            get { return RegionHandler.PingImplementation; }
            set { RegionHandler.PingImplementation = value; }
        }


        private readonly Pool<ParameterDictionary> paramDictionaryPool = new Pool<ParameterDictionary>(
            () => new ParameterDictionary(),
            x => x.Clear(),
            1); // used in OpRaiseEvent() (avoids lots of new Dictionary() calls)


        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a Peer with specified connection protocol. You need to set the Listener before using the peer.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>Each connection protocol has it's own default networking ports for Photon.</remarks>
        /// <param name="protocolType">The preferred option is UDP.</param>
        public LoadBalancingPeer(ConnectionProtocol protocolType) : base(protocolType)
        {
            // this does not require a Listener, so:
            // make sure to set this.Listener before using a peer!

            this.ConfigUnitySockets();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a Peer with specified connection protocol and a Listener for callbacks.
        /// </summary>
        public LoadBalancingPeer(IPhotonPeerListener listener, ConnectionProtocol protocolType) : this(protocolType)
        {
            this.Listener = listener;
        }


        // Sets up the socket implementations to use, depending on platform
        [System.Diagnostics.Conditional("SUPPORTED_UNITY")]
        private void ConfigUnitySockets()
        {
            Type websocketType = null;
            #if (UNITY_XBOXONE || UNITY_GAMECORE) && !UNITY_EDITOR
            websocketType = Type.GetType("ExitGames.Client.Photon.SocketNativeSource, Assembly-CSharp", false);
            if (websocketType == null)
            {
                websocketType = Type.GetType("ExitGames.Client.Photon.SocketNativeSource, Assembly-CSharp-firstpass", false);
            }
            if (websocketType == null)
            {
                websocketType = Type.GetType("ExitGames.Client.Photon.SocketNativeSource, PhotonRealtime", false);
            }
            if (websocketType != null)
            {
                this.SocketImplementationConfig[ConnectionProtocol.Udp] = websocketType;    // on Xbox, the native socket plugin supports UDP as well
            }
            #else
            // to support WebGL export in Unity, we find and assign the SocketWebTcp class (if it's in the project).
            // alternatively class SocketWebTcp might be in the Photon3Unity3D.dll
            websocketType = Type.GetType("ExitGames.Client.Photon.SocketWebTcp, PhotonWebSocket", false);
            if (websocketType == null)
            {
                websocketType = Type.GetType("ExitGames.Client.Photon.SocketWebTcp, Assembly-CSharp-firstpass", false);
            }
            if (websocketType == null)
            {
                websocketType = Type.GetType("ExitGames.Client.Photon.SocketWebTcp, Assembly-CSharp", false);
            }
            #endif

            if (websocketType != null)
            {
                this.SocketImplementationConfig[ConnectionProtocol.WebSocket] = websocketType;
                this.SocketImplementationConfig[ConnectionProtocol.WebSocketSecure] = websocketType;
            }

            #if NET_4_6 && (UNITY_EDITOR || !ENABLE_IL2CPP) && !NETFX_CORE
            this.SocketImplementationConfig[ConnectionProtocol.Udp] = typeof(SocketUdpAsync);
            this.SocketImplementationConfig[ConnectionProtocol.Tcp] = typeof(SocketTcpAsync);
            #endif
        }


        public virtual bool OpGetRegions(string appId)
        {
            Dictionary<byte, object> parameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>(1);
            parameters[(byte)ParameterCode.ApplicationId] = appId;

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.GetRegions, parameters, new SendOptions() { Reliability = true, Encrypt = true });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Joins the lobby on the Master Server, where you get a list of RoomInfos of currently open rooms.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="lobby">The lobby join to.</param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (has to be connected).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpJoinLobby(TypedLobby lobby = null)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinLobby()");
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> parameters = null;
            if (lobby != null && !lobby.IsDefault)
            {
                parameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
                parameters[(byte)ParameterCode.LobbyName] = lobby.Name;
                parameters[(byte)ParameterCode.LobbyType] = (byte)lobby.Type;
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.JoinLobby, parameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Leaves the lobby on the Master Server.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (requires connection).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpLeaveLobby()
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpLeaveLobby()");
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.LeaveLobby, (Dictionary<byte, object>)null, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }


        /// <summary>Used by OpJoinRoom and by OpCreateRoom alike.</summary>
        private void RoomOptionsToOpParameters(Dictionary<byte, object> op, RoomOptions roomOptions, bool usePropertiesKey = false)
        {
            if (roomOptions == null)
            {
                roomOptions = new RoomOptions();
            }

            Hashtable gameProperties = new Hashtable();
            gameProperties[GamePropertyKey.IsOpen] = roomOptions.IsOpen;
            gameProperties[GamePropertyKey.IsVisible] = roomOptions.IsVisible;
            gameProperties[GamePropertyKey.PropsListedInLobby] = (roomOptions.CustomRoomPropertiesForLobby == null) ? new string[0] : roomOptions.CustomRoomPropertiesForLobby;
            gameProperties.MergeStringKeys(roomOptions.CustomRoomProperties);
            if (roomOptions.MaxPlayers > 0)
            {
                gameProperties[GamePropertyKey.MaxPlayers] = roomOptions.MaxPlayers;
            }

            if (!usePropertiesKey)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.GameProperties] = gameProperties;  // typically, the key for game props is 248
            }
            else
            {
                op[ParameterCode.Properties] = gameProperties;      // when an op uses 248 as filter, the "create room" props can be set as 251
            }


            int flags = 0;  // a new way to send the room options as bitwise-flags

            if (roomOptions.CleanupCacheOnLeave)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.CleanupCacheOnLeave] = true;	                // this defines the server's room settings and logic
                flags = flags | (int)RoomOptionBit.DeleteCacheOnLeave;          // this defines the server's room settings and logic (for servers that support flags)
            }
            else
            {
                op[ParameterCode.CleanupCacheOnLeave] = false;	                // this defines the server's room settings and logic
                gameProperties[GamePropertyKey.CleanupCacheOnLeave] = false;    // this is only informational for the clients which join
            }

            #if SERVERSDK
            op[ParameterCode.CheckUserOnJoin] = roomOptions.CheckUserOnJoin;
            if (roomOptions.CheckUserOnJoin)
            {
                flags = flags | (int) RoomOptionBit.CheckUserOnJoin;
            }
            #else
            // in PUN v1.88 and PUN 2, CheckUserOnJoin is set by default:
            flags = flags | (int) RoomOptionBit.CheckUserOnJoin;
            op[ParameterCode.CheckUserOnJoin] = true;
            #endif

            if (roomOptions.PlayerTtl > 0 || roomOptions.PlayerTtl == -1)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.PlayerTTL] = roomOptions.PlayerTtl;    // TURNBASED
            }

            if (roomOptions.EmptyRoomTtl > 0)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.EmptyRoomTTL] = roomOptions.EmptyRoomTtl;   //TURNBASED
            }

            if (roomOptions.SuppressRoomEvents)
            {
                flags = flags | (int)RoomOptionBit.SuppressRoomEvents;
                op[ParameterCode.SuppressRoomEvents] = true;
            }
            if (roomOptions.SuppressPlayerInfo)
            {
                flags = flags | (int)RoomOptionBit.SuppressPlayerInfo;
            }

            if (roomOptions.Plugins != null)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.Plugins] = roomOptions.Plugins;
            }
            if (roomOptions.PublishUserId)
            {
                flags = flags | (int)RoomOptionBit.PublishUserId;
                op[ParameterCode.PublishUserId] = true;
            }
            if (roomOptions.DeleteNullProperties)
            {
                flags = flags | (int)RoomOptionBit.DeleteNullProps; // this is only settable as flag
            }
            if (roomOptions.BroadcastPropsChangeToAll)
            {
                flags = flags | (int)RoomOptionBit.BroadcastPropsChangeToAll; // this is only settable as flag
            }

            op[ParameterCode.RoomOptionFlags] = flags;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a room (on either Master or Game Server).
        /// The OperationResponse depends on the server the peer is connected to:
        /// Master will return a Game Server to connect to.
        /// Game Server will return the joined Room's data.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If the room is already existing, the OperationResponse will have a returnCode of ErrorCode.GameAlreadyExists.
        /// </remarks>
        public virtual bool OpCreateRoom(EnterRoomParams opParams)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpCreateRoom()");
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> op = new Dictionary<byte, object>();

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(opParams.RoomName))
            {
                op[ParameterCode.RoomName] = opParams.RoomName;
            }
            if (opParams.Lobby != null && !opParams.Lobby.IsDefault)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.LobbyName] = opParams.Lobby.Name;
                op[ParameterCode.LobbyType] = (byte)opParams.Lobby.Type;
            }

            if (opParams.ExpectedUsers != null && opParams.ExpectedUsers.Length > 0)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.Add] = opParams.ExpectedUsers;
            }
            if (opParams.OnGameServer)
            {
                if (opParams.PlayerProperties != null && opParams.PlayerProperties.Count > 0)
                {
                    op[ParameterCode.PlayerProperties] = opParams.PlayerProperties;
                }
                op[ParameterCode.Broadcast] = true; // broadcast actor properties

                this.RoomOptionsToOpParameters(op, opParams.RoomOptions);
            }

            //this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpCreateRoom: " + SupportClass.DictionaryToString(op));
            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.CreateGame, op, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Joins a room by name or creates new room if room with given name not exists.
        /// The OperationResponse depends on the server the peer is connected to:
        /// Master will return a Game Server to connect to.
        /// Game Server will return the joined Room's data.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If the room is not existing (anymore), the OperationResponse will have a returnCode of ErrorCode.GameDoesNotExist.
        /// Other possible ErrorCodes are: GameClosed, GameFull.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (requires connection).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpJoinRoom(EnterRoomParams opParams)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinRoom()");
            }
            Dictionary<byte, object> op = new Dictionary<byte, object>();

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(opParams.RoomName))
            {
                op[ParameterCode.RoomName] = opParams.RoomName;
            }

            if (opParams.JoinMode == JoinMode.CreateIfNotExists)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.JoinMode] = (byte)JoinMode.CreateIfNotExists;
                if (opParams.Lobby != null && !opParams.Lobby.IsDefault)
                {
                    op[ParameterCode.LobbyName] = opParams.Lobby.Name;
                    op[ParameterCode.LobbyType] = (byte)opParams.Lobby.Type;
                }
            }
            else if (opParams.JoinMode == JoinMode.RejoinOnly)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.JoinMode] = (byte)JoinMode.RejoinOnly; // changed from JoinMode.JoinOrRejoin
            }

            if (opParams.ExpectedUsers != null && opParams.ExpectedUsers.Length > 0)
            {
                op[ParameterCode.Add] = opParams.ExpectedUsers;
            }

            if (opParams.OnGameServer)
            {
                if (opParams.PlayerProperties != null && opParams.PlayerProperties.Count > 0)
                {
                    op[ParameterCode.PlayerProperties] = opParams.PlayerProperties;
                }
                op[ParameterCode.Broadcast] = true; // broadcast actor properties
            }

            if (opParams.OnGameServer || opParams.JoinMode == JoinMode.CreateIfNotExists)
            {
                this.RoomOptionsToOpParameters(op, opParams.RoomOptions);
            }

            //this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinRoom: " + SupportClass.DictionaryToString(op));
            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.JoinGame, op, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Operation to join a random, available room. Overloads take additional player properties.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// If all rooms are closed or full, the OperationResponse will have a returnCode of ErrorCode.NoRandomMatchFound.
        /// If successful, the OperationResponse contains a gameserver address and the name of some room.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent currently (requires connection).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpJoinRandomRoom(OpJoinRandomRoomParams opJoinRandomRoomParams)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinRandomRoom()");
            }

            Hashtable expectedRoomProperties = new Hashtable();
            expectedRoomProperties.MergeStringKeys(opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedCustomRoomProperties);
            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedMaxPlayers > 0)
            {
                expectedRoomProperties[GamePropertyKey.MaxPlayers] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedMaxPlayers;
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            if (expectedRoomProperties.Count > 0)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.GameProperties] = expectedRoomProperties;
            }

            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.MatchingType != MatchmakingMode.FillRoom)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.MatchMakingType] = (byte)opJoinRandomRoomParams.MatchingType;
            }

            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby != null && !opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby.IsDefault)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.LobbyName] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby.Name;
                opParameters[ParameterCode.LobbyType] = (byte)opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby.Type;
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(opJoinRandomRoomParams.SqlLobbyFilter))
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Data] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.SqlLobbyFilter;
            }

            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedUsers != null && opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedUsers.Length > 0)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Add] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedUsers;
            }

            //this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinRandomRoom: " + SupportClass.DictionaryToString(opParameters));
            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.JoinRandomGame, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Only used on the Master Server. It will assign a game server and room to join-or-create.
        /// On the Game Server, the OpJoin is used with option "create if not exists".
        /// </summary>
        public virtual bool OpJoinRandomOrCreateRoom(OpJoinRandomRoomParams opJoinRandomRoomParams, EnterRoomParams createRoomParams)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinRandomOrCreateRoom()");
            }

            // join random room parameters:

            Hashtable expectedRoomProperties = new Hashtable();
            expectedRoomProperties.MergeStringKeys(opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedCustomRoomProperties);
            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedMaxPlayers > 0)
            {
                expectedRoomProperties[GamePropertyKey.MaxPlayers] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedMaxPlayers;
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            if (expectedRoomProperties.Count > 0)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.GameProperties] = expectedRoomProperties;    // used as filter. below, RoomOptionsToOpParameters has usePropertiesKey = true
            }

            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.MatchingType != MatchmakingMode.FillRoom)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.MatchMakingType] = (byte)opJoinRandomRoomParams.MatchingType;
            }

            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby != null && !opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby.IsDefault)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.LobbyName] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby.Name;
                opParameters[ParameterCode.LobbyType] = (byte)opJoinRandomRoomParams.TypedLobby.Type;
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(opJoinRandomRoomParams.SqlLobbyFilter))
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Data] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.SqlLobbyFilter;
            }

            if (opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedUsers != null && opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedUsers.Length > 0)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Add] = opJoinRandomRoomParams.ExpectedUsers;
            }


            // parameters for creating a room if needed ("or create" part of the operation)
            // partial copy of OpCreateRoom

            opParameters[ParameterCode.JoinMode] = (byte)JoinMode.CreateIfNotExists;

            if (createRoomParams != null)
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(createRoomParams.RoomName))
                {
                    opParameters[ParameterCode.RoomName] = createRoomParams.RoomName;
                }

                this.RoomOptionsToOpParameters(opParameters, createRoomParams.RoomOptions, true);
            }

            //this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpJoinRandomOrCreateRoom: " + SupportClass.DictionaryToString(opParameters, false));
            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.JoinRandomGame, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Leaves a room with option to come back later or "for good".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="becomeInactive">Async games can be re-joined (loaded) later on. Set to false, if you want to abandon a game entirely.</param>
        /// <param name="sendAuthCookie">WebFlag: Securely transmit the encrypted object AuthCookie to the web service in PathLeave webhook when available</param>
        /// <returns>If the opteration can be send currently.</returns>
        public virtual bool OpLeaveRoom(bool becomeInactive, bool sendAuthCookie = false)
        {
            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            if (becomeInactive)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.IsInactive] = true;
            }
            if (sendAuthCookie)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.EventForward] = WebFlags.SendAuthCookieConst;
            }
            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.Leave, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }

        /// <summary>Gets a list of games matching a SQL-like where clause.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Operation is only available in lobbies of type SqlLobby.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// Returned game list is stored in RoomInfoList.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <see cref="https://doc.photonengine.com/en-us/realtime/current/reference/matchmaking-and-lobby#sql_lobby_type"/>
        /// <param name="lobby">The lobby to query. Has to be of type SqlLobby.</param>
        /// <param name="queryData">The sql query statement.</param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (has to be connected).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpGetGameList(TypedLobby lobby, string queryData)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpGetGameList()");
            }

            if (lobby == null)
            {
                if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
                {
                    this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpGetGameList not sent. Lobby cannot be null.");
                }
                return false;
            }

            if (lobby.Type != LobbyType.SqlLobby)
            {
                if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
                {
                    this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpGetGameList not sent. LobbyType must be SqlLobby.");
                }
                return false;
            }

            if (lobby.IsDefault)
            {
                if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
                {
                    this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpGetGameList not sent. LobbyName must be not null and not empty.");
                }
                return false;
            }

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(queryData))
            {
                if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
                {
                    this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpGetGameList not sent. queryData must be not null and not empty.");
                }
                return false;
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            opParameters[(byte)ParameterCode.LobbyName] = lobby.Name;
            opParameters[(byte)ParameterCode.LobbyType] = (byte)lobby.Type;
            opParameters[(byte)ParameterCode.Data] = queryData;

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.GetGameList, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Request the rooms and online status for a list of friends (each client must set a unique username via OpAuthenticate).
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Used on Master Server to find the rooms played by a selected list of users.
        /// Users identify themselves by using OpAuthenticate with a unique user ID.
        /// The list of user IDs must be fetched from some other source (not provided by Photon).
        ///
        /// The server response includes 2 arrays of info (each index matching a friend from the request):<br/>
        /// ParameterCode.FindFriendsResponseOnlineList = bool[] of online states<br/>
        /// ParameterCode.FindFriendsResponseRoomIdList = string[] of room names (empty string if not in a room)<br/>
        /// <br/>
        /// The options may be used to define which state a room must match to be returned.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="friendsToFind">Array of friend's names (make sure they are unique).</param>
        /// <param name="options">Options that affect the result of the FindFriends operation.</param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (requires connection).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpFindFriends(string[] friendsToFind, FindFriendsOptions options = null)
        {
            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            if (friendsToFind != null && friendsToFind.Length > 0)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.FindFriendsRequestList] = friendsToFind;
            }

            if (options != null)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.FindFriendsOptions] = options.ToIntFlags();
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.FindFriends, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }

        public bool OpSetCustomPropertiesOfActor(int actorNr, Hashtable actorProperties)
        {
            return this.OpSetPropertiesOfActor(actorNr, actorProperties.StripToStringKeys(), null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets properties of a player / actor.
        /// Internally this uses OpSetProperties, which can be used to either set room or player properties.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="actorNr">The payer ID (a.k.a. actorNumber) of the player to attach these properties to.</param>
        /// <param name="actorProperties">The properties to add or update.</param>
        /// <param name="expectedProperties">If set, these must be in the current properties-set (on the server) to set actorProperties: CAS.</param>
        /// <param name="webflags">Set these to forward the properties to a WebHook as defined for this app (in Dashboard).</param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (requires connection).</returns>
        protected internal bool OpSetPropertiesOfActor(int actorNr, Hashtable actorProperties, Hashtable expectedProperties = null, WebFlags webflags = null)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpSetPropertiesOfActor()");
            }

            if (actorNr <= 0 || actorProperties == null || actorProperties.Count == 0)
            {
                if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
                {
                    this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpSetPropertiesOfActor not sent. ActorNr must be > 0 and actorProperties must be not null nor empty.");
                }
                return false;
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.Properties, actorProperties);
            opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.ActorNr, actorNr);
            opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.Broadcast, true);
            if (expectedProperties != null && expectedProperties.Count != 0)
            {
                opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.ExpectedValues, expectedProperties);
            }

            if (webflags != null && webflags.HttpForward)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.EventForward] = webflags.WebhookFlags;
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.SetProperties, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }


        protected bool OpSetPropertyOfRoom(byte propCode, object value)
        {
            Hashtable properties = new Hashtable();
            properties[propCode] = value;
            return this.OpSetPropertiesOfRoom(properties);
        }

        public bool OpSetCustomPropertiesOfRoom(Hashtable gameProperties)
        {
            return this.OpSetPropertiesOfRoom(gameProperties.StripToStringKeys());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets properties of a room.
        /// Internally this uses OpSetProperties, which can be used to either set room or player properties.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="gameProperties">The properties to add or update.</param>
        /// <param name="expectedProperties">The properties expected when update occurs. (CAS : "Check And Swap")</param>
        /// <param name="webflags">WebFlag to indicate if request should be forwarded as "PathProperties" webhook or not.</param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (has to be connected).</returns>
        protected internal bool OpSetPropertiesOfRoom(Hashtable gameProperties, Hashtable expectedProperties = null, WebFlags webflags = null)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpSetPropertiesOfRoom()");
            }
            if (gameProperties == null || gameProperties.Count == 0)
            {
                if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
                {
                    this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpSetPropertiesOfRoom not sent. gameProperties must be not null nor empty.");
                }
                return false;
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.Properties, gameProperties);
            opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.Broadcast, true);
            if (expectedProperties != null && expectedProperties.Count != 0)
            {
                opParameters.Add(ParameterCode.ExpectedValues, expectedProperties);
            }

            if (webflags!=null && webflags.HttpForward)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.EventForward] = webflags.WebhookFlags;
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.SetProperties, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sends this app's appId and appVersion to identify this application server side.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This operation makes use of encryption, if that is established before.
        /// See: EstablishEncryption(). Check encryption with IsEncryptionAvailable.
        /// This operation is allowed only once per connection (multiple calls will have ErrorCode != Ok).
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="appId">Your application's name or ID to authenticate. This is assigned by Photon Cloud (webpage).</param>
        /// <param name="appVersion">The client's version (clients with differing client appVersions are separated and players don't meet).</param>
        /// <param name="authValues">Contains all values relevant for authentication. Even without account system (external Custom Auth), the clients are allowed to identify themselves.</param>
        /// <param name="regionCode">Optional region code, if the client should connect to a specific Photon Cloud Region.</param>
        /// <param name="getLobbyStatistics">Set to true on Master Server to receive "Lobby Statistics" events.</param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (has to be connected).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpAuthenticate(string appId, string appVersion, AuthenticationValues authValues, string regionCode, bool getLobbyStatistics)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpAuthenticate()");
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            if (getLobbyStatistics)
            {
                // must be sent in operation, even if a Token is available
                opParameters[ParameterCode.LobbyStats] = true;
            }

            // shortcut, if we have a Token
            if (authValues != null && authValues.Token != null)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Token] = authValues.Token;
                return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.Authenticate, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable); // we don't have to encrypt, when we have a token (which is encrypted)
            }


            // without a token, we send a complete op auth

            opParameters[ParameterCode.AppVersion] = appVersion;
            opParameters[ParameterCode.ApplicationId] = appId;

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(regionCode))
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Region] = regionCode;
            }

            if (authValues != null)
            {

                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(authValues.UserId))
                {
                    opParameters[ParameterCode.UserId] = authValues.UserId;
                }

                if (authValues.AuthType != CustomAuthenticationType.None)
                {
                    opParameters[ParameterCode.ClientAuthenticationType] = (byte)authValues.AuthType;
                    // if we had a token, the code above would use it. here, we send parameters:
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(authValues.AuthGetParameters))
                    {
                        opParameters[ParameterCode.ClientAuthenticationParams] = authValues.AuthGetParameters;
                    }
                    if (authValues.AuthPostData != null)
                    {
                        opParameters[ParameterCode.ClientAuthenticationData] = authValues.AuthPostData;
                    }
                }
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.Authenticate, opParameters, new SendOptions() { Reliability = true, Encrypt = true });
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Sends this app's appId and appVersion to identify this application server side.
        /// This is an async request which triggers a OnOperationResponse() call.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This operation makes use of encryption, if that is established before.
        /// See: EstablishEncryption(). Check encryption with IsEncryptionAvailable.
        /// This operation is allowed only once per connection (multiple calls will have ErrorCode != Ok).
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="appId">Your application's name or ID to authenticate. This is assigned by Photon Cloud (webpage).</param>
        /// <param name="appVersion">The client's version (clients with differing client appVersions are separated and players don't meet).</param>
        /// <param name="authValues">Optional authentication values. The client can set no values or a UserId or some parameters for Custom Authentication by a server.</param>
        /// <param name="regionCode">Optional region code, if the client should connect to a specific Photon Cloud Region.</param>
        /// <param name="encryptionMode"></param>
        /// <param name="expectedProtocol"></param>
        /// <returns>If the operation could be sent (has to be connected).</returns>
        public virtual bool OpAuthenticateOnce(string appId, string appVersion, AuthenticationValues authValues, string regionCode, EncryptionMode encryptionMode, ConnectionProtocol expectedProtocol)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.INFO)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.INFO, "OpAuthenticateOnce(): authValues = "  + authValues + ", region = " + regionCode + ", encryption = " + encryptionMode);
            }

            var opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();

            // shortcut, if we have a Token
            if (authValues != null && authValues.Token != null)
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Token] = authValues.Token;
                return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.AuthenticateOnce, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable); // we don't have to encrypt, when we have a token (which is encrypted)
            }

            if (encryptionMode == EncryptionMode.DatagramEncryption && expectedProtocol != ConnectionProtocol.Udp)
            {
                // TODO disconnect?!
                throw new NotSupportedException("Expected protocol set to UDP, due to encryption mode DatagramEncryption.");    // TODO use some other form of callback?!
            }

            opParameters[ParameterCode.ExpectedProtocol] = (byte)expectedProtocol;
            opParameters[ParameterCode.EncryptionMode] = (byte)encryptionMode;

            opParameters[ParameterCode.AppVersion] = appVersion;
            opParameters[ParameterCode.ApplicationId] = appId;

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(regionCode))
            {
                opParameters[ParameterCode.Region] = regionCode;
            }

            if (authValues != null)
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(authValues.UserId))
                {
                    opParameters[ParameterCode.UserId] = authValues.UserId;
                }

                if (authValues.AuthType != CustomAuthenticationType.None)
                {
                    opParameters[ParameterCode.ClientAuthenticationType] = (byte)authValues.AuthType;
                    if (authValues.Token != null)
                    {
                        opParameters[ParameterCode.Token] = authValues.Token;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(authValues.AuthGetParameters))
                        {
                            opParameters[ParameterCode.ClientAuthenticationParams] = authValues.AuthGetParameters;
                        }
                        if (authValues.AuthPostData != null)
                        {
                            opParameters[ParameterCode.ClientAuthenticationData] = authValues.AuthPostData;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.AuthenticateOnce, opParameters, new SendOptions() { Reliability = true, Encrypt = true });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Operation to handle this client's interest groups (for events in room).
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Note the difference between passing null and byte[0]:
        ///   null won't add/remove any groups.
        ///   byte[0] will add/remove all (existing) groups.
        /// First, removing groups is executed. This way, you could leave all groups and join only the ones provided.
        ///
        /// Changes become active not immediately but when the server executes this operation (approximately RTT/2).
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="groupsToRemove">Groups to remove from interest. Null will not remove any. A byte[0] will remove all.</param>
        /// <param name="groupsToAdd">Groups to add to interest. Null will not add any. A byte[0] will add all current.</param>
        /// <returns>If operation could be enqueued for sending. Sent when calling: Service or SendOutgoingCommands.</returns>
        public virtual bool OpChangeGroups(byte[] groupsToRemove, byte[] groupsToAdd)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.ALL)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.ALL, "OpChangeGroups()");
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();
            if (groupsToRemove != null)
            {
                opParameters[(byte)ParameterCode.Remove] = groupsToRemove;
            }
            if (groupsToAdd != null)
            {
                opParameters[(byte)ParameterCode.Add] = groupsToAdd;
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.ChangeGroups, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Send an event with custom code/type and any content to the other players in the same room.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>This override explicitly uses another parameter order to not mix it up with the implementation for Hashtable only.</remarks>
        /// <param name="eventCode">Identifies this type of event (and the content). Your game's event codes can start with 0.</param>
        /// <param name="customEventContent">Any serializable datatype (including Hashtable like the other OpRaiseEvent overloads).</param>
        /// <param name="raiseEventOptions">Contains (slightly) less often used options. If you pass null, the default options will be used.</param>
        /// <param name="sendOptions">Send options for reliable, encryption etc</param>
        /// <returns>If operation could be enqueued for sending. Sent when calling: Service or SendOutgoingCommands.</returns>
        public virtual bool OpRaiseEvent(byte eventCode, object customEventContent, RaiseEventOptions raiseEventOptions, SendOptions sendOptions)
        {
            var paramDict = this.paramDictionaryPool.Acquire();
            try
            {
                if (raiseEventOptions != null)
                {
                    if (raiseEventOptions.CachingOption != EventCaching.DoNotCache)
                    {
                        paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.Cache, (byte)raiseEventOptions.CachingOption);
                    }
                    switch (raiseEventOptions.CachingOption)
                    {
                        case EventCaching.SliceSetIndex:
                        case EventCaching.SlicePurgeIndex:
                        case EventCaching.SlicePurgeUpToIndex:
                            //this.opParameters[(byte) ParameterCode.CacheSliceIndex] =
                            //    (byte) raiseEventOptions.CacheSliceIndex;
                            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.RaiseEvent, paramDict, sendOptions);
                        case EventCaching.SliceIncreaseIndex:
                        case EventCaching.RemoveFromRoomCacheForActorsLeft:
                            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.RaiseEvent, paramDict, sendOptions);
                        case EventCaching.RemoveFromRoomCache:
                            if (raiseEventOptions.TargetActors != null)
                            {
                                paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.ActorList, raiseEventOptions.TargetActors);
                            }
                            break;
                        default:
                            if (raiseEventOptions.TargetActors != null)
                            {
                                paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.ActorList, raiseEventOptions.TargetActors);
                            }
                            else if (raiseEventOptions.InterestGroup != 0)
                            {
                                paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.Group, (byte)raiseEventOptions.InterestGroup);
                            }
                            else if (raiseEventOptions.Receivers != ReceiverGroup.Others)
                            {
                                paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.ReceiverGroup, (byte)raiseEventOptions.Receivers);
                            }
                            if (raiseEventOptions.Flags.HttpForward)
                            {
                                paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.EventForward, (byte)raiseEventOptions.Flags.WebhookFlags);
                            }
                            break;
                    }
                }
                paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.Code, (byte)eventCode);
                if (customEventContent != null)
                {
                    paramDict.Add(ParameterCode.Data, (object)customEventContent);
                }
                return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.RaiseEvent, paramDict, sendOptions);
            }
            finally
            {
                this.paramDictionaryPool.Release(paramDict);
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Internally used operation to set some "per server" settings. This is for the Master Server.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="receiveLobbyStats">Set to true, to get Lobby Statistics (lists of existing lobbies).</param>
        /// <returns>False if the operation could not be sent.</returns>
        public virtual bool OpSettings(bool receiveLobbyStats)
        {
            if (this.DebugOut >= DebugLevel.ALL)
            {
                this.Listener.DebugReturn(DebugLevel.ALL, "OpSettings()");
            }

            Dictionary<byte, object> opParameters = new Dictionary<byte, object>();

            // implementation for Master Server:
            if (receiveLobbyStats)
            {
                opParameters[(byte)0] = receiveLobbyStats;
            }

            if (opParameters.Count == 0)
            {
                // no need to send op in case we set the default values
                return true;
            }

            return this.SendOperation(OperationCode.ServerSettings, opParameters, SendOptions.SendReliable);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>Used in the RoomOptionFlags parameter, this bitmask toggles options in the room.</summary>
    internal enum RoomOptionBit : int
    {
        CheckUserOnJoin = 0x01,  // toggles a check of the UserId when joining (enabling returning to a game)
        DeleteCacheOnLeave = 0x02,  // deletes cache on leave
        SuppressRoomEvents = 0x04,  // suppresses all room events
        PublishUserId = 0x08,  // signals that we should publish userId
        DeleteNullProps = 0x10,  // signals that we should remove property if its value was set to null. see RoomOption to Delete Null Properties
        BroadcastPropsChangeToAll = 0x20,  // signals that we should send PropertyChanged event to all room players including initiator
        SuppressPlayerInfo = 0x40,  // disables events join and leave from the server as well as property broadcasts in a room (to minimize traffic)
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Options for OpFindFriends can be combined to filter which rooms of friends are returned.
    /// </summary>
    public class FindFriendsOptions
    {
        /// <summary>Include a friend's room only if it is created and confirmed by the game server.</summary>
        public bool CreatedOnGs = false;    //flag: 0x01
        /// <summary>Include a friend's room only if it is visible (using Room.IsVisible).</summary>
        public bool Visible = false;        //flag: 0x02
        /// <summary>Include a friend's room only if it is open (using Room.IsOpen).</summary>
        public bool Open = false;           //flag: 0x04

        /// <summary>Turns the bool options into an integer, which is sent as option flags for Op FindFriends.</summary>
        /// <returns>The options applied to bits of an integer.</returns>
        internal int ToIntFlags()
        {
            int optionFlags = 0;
            if (this.CreatedOnGs)
            {
                optionFlags = optionFlags | 0x1;
            }
            if (this.Visible)
            {
                optionFlags = optionFlags | 0x2;
            }
            if (this.Open)
            {
                optionFlags = optionFlags | 0x4;
            }
            return optionFlags;
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Parameters for the matchmaking of JoinRandomRoom and JoinRandomOrCreateRoom.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// More about matchmaking: <see cref="https://doc.photonengine.com/en-us/pun/current/manuals-and-demos/matchmaking-and-lobby"/>.
    /// </remarks>
    public class OpJoinRandomRoomParams
    {
        /// <summary>The custom room properties a room must have to fit. All key-values must be present to match. In SQL Lobby, use SqlLobbyFilter instead.</summary>
        public Hashtable ExpectedCustomRoomProperties;
        /// <summary>Filters by the MaxPlayers value of rooms.</summary>
        public byte ExpectedMaxPlayers;
        /// <summary>The MatchmakingMode affects how rooms get filled. By default, the server fills rooms.</summary>
        public MatchmakingMode MatchingType;
        /// <summary>The lobby in which to match. The type affects how filters are applied.</summary>
        public TypedLobby TypedLobby;
        /// <summary>SQL query to filter room matches. For default-typed lobbies, use ExpectedCustomRoomProperties instead.</summary>
        public string SqlLobbyFilter;
        /// <summary>The expected users list blocks player slots for your friends or team mates to join the room, too.</summary>
        /// <remarks>See: https://doc.photonengine.com/en-us/pun/v2/lobby-and-matchmaking/matchmaking-and-lobby#matchmaking_slot_reservation </remarks>
        public string[] ExpectedUsers;
    }

    /// <summary>Parameters for creating rooms.</summary>
    public class EnterRoomParams
    {
        /// <summary>The name of the room to create. If null, the server generates a unique name. If not null, it must be unique and new or will cause an error.</summary>
        public string RoomName;
        /// <summary>The RoomOptions define the optional behaviour of rooms.</summary>
        public RoomOptions RoomOptions;
        /// <summary>A lobby to attach the new room to. If set, this overrides a joined lobby (if any).</summary>
        public TypedLobby Lobby;
        /// <summary>The custom player properties that describe this client / user. Keys must be strings.</summary>
        public Hashtable PlayerProperties;
        /// <summary>Internally used value to skip some values when the operation is sent to the Master Server.</summary>
        protected internal bool OnGameServer = true; // defaults to true! better send more parameter than too few (GS needs all)
        /// <summary>Internally used value to check which join mode we should call.</summary>
        protected internal JoinMode JoinMode;
        /// <summary>A list of users who are expected to join the room along with this client. Reserves slots for rooms with MaxPlayers value.</summary>
        public string[] ExpectedUsers;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// ErrorCode defines the default codes associated with Photon client/server communication.
    /// </summary>
    public class ErrorCode
    {
        /// <summary>(0) is always "OK", anything else an error or specific situation.</summary>
        public const int Ok = 0;

        // server - Photon low(er) level: <= 0

        /// <summary>
        /// (-3) Operation can't be executed yet (e.g. OpJoin can't be called before being authenticated, RaiseEvent cant be used before getting into a room).
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Before you call any operations on the Cloud servers, the automated client workflow must complete its authorization.
        /// Wait until State is: JoinedLobby or ConnectedToMasterServer
        /// </remarks>
        public const int OperationNotAllowedInCurrentState = -3;

        /// <summary>(-2) The operation you called is not implemented on the server (application) you connect to. Make sure you run the fitting applications.</summary>
        [Obsolete("Use InvalidOperation.")]
        public const int InvalidOperationCode = -2;

        /// <summary>(-2) The operation you called could not be executed on the server.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Make sure you are connected to the server you expect.
        ///
        /// This code is used in several cases:
        /// The arguments/parameters of the operation might be out of range, missing entirely or conflicting.
        /// The operation you called is not implemented on the server (application). Server-side plugins affect the available operations.
        /// </remarks>
        public const int InvalidOperation = -2;

        /// <summary>(-1) Something went wrong in the server. Try to reproduce and contact Exit Games.</summary>
        public const int InternalServerError = -1;

        // server - client: 0x7FFF and down
        // logic-level error codes start with short.max

        /// <summary>(32767) Authentication failed. Possible cause: AppId is unknown to Photon (in cloud service).</summary>
        public const int InvalidAuthentication = 0x7FFF;

        /// <summary>(32766) GameId (name) already in use (can't create another). Change name.</summary>
        public const int GameIdAlreadyExists = 0x7FFF - 1;

        /// <summary>(32765) Game is full. This rarely happens when some player joined the room before your join completed.</summary>
        public const int GameFull = 0x7FFF - 2;

        /// <summary>(32764) Game is closed and can't be joined. Join another game.</summary>
        public const int GameClosed = 0x7FFF - 3;

        [Obsolete("No longer used, cause random matchmaking is no longer a process.")]
        public const int AlreadyMatched = 0x7FFF - 4;

        /// <summary>(32762) All servers are busy. This is a temporary issue and the game logic should try again after a brief wait time.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This error may happen for all operations that create rooms. The operation response will contain this error code.
        ///
        /// This error is very unlikely to happen as we monitor load on all servers and add them on demand.
        /// However, it's good to be prepared for a shortage of machines or surge in CCUs.
        /// </remarks>
        public const int ServerFull = 0x7FFF - 5;

        /// <summary>(32761) Not in use currently.</summary>
        public const int UserBlocked = 0x7FFF - 6;

        /// <summary>(32760) Random matchmaking only succeeds if a room exists thats neither closed nor full. Repeat in a few seconds or create a new room.</summary>
        public const int NoRandomMatchFound = 0x7FFF - 7;

        /// <summary>(32758) Join can fail if the room (name) is not existing (anymore). This can happen when players leave while you join.</summary>
        public const int GameDoesNotExist = 0x7FFF - 9;

        /// <summary>(32757) Authorization on the Photon Cloud failed becaus the concurrent users (CCU) limit of the app's subscription is reached.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Unless you have a plan with "CCU Burst", clients might fail the authentication step during connect.
        /// Affected client are unable to call operations. Please note that players who end a game and return
        /// to the master server will disconnect and re-connect, which means that they just played and are rejected
        /// in the next minute / re-connect.
        /// This is a temporary measure. Once the CCU is below the limit, players will be able to connect an play again.
        ///
        /// OpAuthorize is part of connection workflow but only on the Photon Cloud, this error can happen.
        /// Self-hosted Photon servers with a CCU limited license won't let a client connect at all.
        /// </remarks>
        public const int MaxCcuReached = 0x7FFF - 10;

        /// <summary>(32756) Authorization on the Photon Cloud failed because the app's subscription does not allow to use a particular region's server.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Some subscription plans for the Photon Cloud are region-bound. Servers of other regions can't be used then.
        /// Check your master server address and compare it with your Photon Cloud Dashboard's info.
        /// https://dashboard.photonengine.com
        ///
        /// OpAuthorize is part of connection workflow but only on the Photon Cloud, this error can happen.
        /// Self-hosted Photon servers with a CCU limited license won't let a client connect at all.
        /// </remarks>
        public const int InvalidRegion = 0x7FFF - 11;

        /// <summary>
        /// (32755) Custom Authentication of the user failed due to setup reasons (see Cloud Dashboard) or the provided user data (like username or token). Check error message for details.
        /// </summary>
        public const int CustomAuthenticationFailed = 0x7FFF - 12;

        /// <summary>(32753) The Authentication ticket expired. Usually, this is refreshed behind the scenes. Connect (and authorize) again.</summary>
        public const int AuthenticationTicketExpired = 0x7FF1;

        /// <summary>
        /// (32752) A server-side plugin (or webhook) failed to execute and reported an error. Check the OperationResponse.DebugMessage.
        /// </summary>
        public const int PluginReportedError = 0x7FFF - 15;

        /// <summary>
        /// (32751) CreateGame/JoinGame/Join operation fails if expected plugin does not correspond to loaded one.
        /// </summary>
        public const int PluginMismatch = 0x7FFF - 16;

        /// <summary>
        /// (32750) for join requests. Indicates the current peer already called join and is joined to the room.
        /// </summary>
        public const int JoinFailedPeerAlreadyJoined = 32750; // 0x7FFF - 17,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32749)  for join requests. Indicates the list of InactiveActors already contains an actor with the requested ActorNr or UserId.
        /// </summary>
        public const int JoinFailedFoundInactiveJoiner = 32749; // 0x7FFF - 18,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32748) for join requests. Indicates the list of Actors (active and inactive) did not contain an actor with the requested ActorNr or UserId.
        /// </summary>
        public const int JoinFailedWithRejoinerNotFound = 32748; // 0x7FFF - 19,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32747) for join requests. Note: for future use - Indicates the requested UserId was found in the ExcludedList.
        /// </summary>
        public const int JoinFailedFoundExcludedUserId = 32747; // 0x7FFF - 20,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32746) for join requests. Indicates the list of ActiveActors already contains an actor with the requested ActorNr or UserId.
        /// </summary>
        public const int JoinFailedFoundActiveJoiner = 32746; // 0x7FFF - 21,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32745)  for SetProerties and Raisevent (if flag HttpForward is true) requests. Indicates the maximum allowd http requests per minute was reached.
        /// </summary>
        public const int HttpLimitReached = 32745; // 0x7FFF - 22,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32744) for WebRpc requests. Indicates the the call to the external service failed.
        /// </summary>
        public const int ExternalHttpCallFailed = 32744; // 0x7FFF - 23,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32743) for operations with defined limits (as in calls per second, content count or size).
        /// </summary>
        public const int OperationLimitReached = 32743; // 0x7FFF - 24,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32742) Server error during matchmaking with slot reservation. E.g. the reserved slots can not exceed MaxPlayers.
        /// </summary>
        public const int SlotError = 32742; // 0x7FFF - 25,

        /// <summary>
        /// (32741) Server will react with this error if invalid encryption parameters provided by token
        /// </summary>
        public const int InvalidEncryptionParameters = 32741; // 0x7FFF - 24,

}


    /// <summary>
    /// Class for constants. These (byte) values define "well known" properties for an Actor / Player.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// These constants are used internally.
    /// "Custom properties" have to use a string-type as key. They can be assigned at will.
    /// </remarks>
    public class ActorProperties
    {
        /// <summary>(255) Name of a player/actor.</summary>
        public const byte PlayerName = 255; // was: 1

        /// <summary>(254) Tells you if the player is currently in this game (getting events live).</summary>
        /// <remarks>A server-set value for async games, where players can leave the game and return later.</remarks>
        public const byte IsInactive = 254;

        /// <summary>(253) UserId of the player. Sent when room gets created with RoomOptions.PublishUserId = true.</summary>
        public const byte UserId = 253;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Class for constants. These (byte) values are for "well known" room/game properties used in Photon LoadBalancing.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// These constants are used internally.
    /// "Custom properties" have to use a string-type as key. They can be assigned at will.
    /// </remarks>
    public class GamePropertyKey
    {
        /// <summary>(255) Max number of players that "fit" into this room. 0 is for "unlimited".</summary>
        public const byte MaxPlayers = 255;

        /// <summary>(254) Makes this room listed or not in the lobby on master.</summary>
        public const byte IsVisible = 254;

        /// <summary>(253) Allows more players to join a room (or not).</summary>
        public const byte IsOpen = 253;

        /// <summary>(252) Current count of players in the room. Used only in the lobby on master.</summary>
        public const byte PlayerCount = 252;

        /// <summary>(251) True if the room is to be removed from room listing (used in update to room list in lobby on master)</summary>
        public const byte Removed = 251;

        /// <summary>(250) A list of the room properties to pass to the RoomInfo list in a lobby. This is used in CreateRoom, which defines this list once per room.</summary>
        public const byte PropsListedInLobby = 250;

        /// <summary>(249) Equivalent of Operation Join parameter CleanupCacheOnLeave.</summary>
        public const byte CleanupCacheOnLeave = 249;

        /// <summary>(248) Code for MasterClientId, which is synced by server. When sent as op-parameter this is (byte)203. As room property this is (byte)248.</summary>
        /// <remarks>Tightly related to ParameterCode.MasterClientId.</remarks>
        public const byte MasterClientId = (byte)248;

        /// <summary>(247) Code for ExpectedUsers in a room. Matchmaking keeps a slot open for the players with these userIDs.</summary>
        public const byte ExpectedUsers = (byte)247;

        /// <summary>(246) Player Time To Live. How long any player can be inactive (due to disconnect or leave) before the user gets removed from the playerlist (freeing a slot).</summary>
        public const byte PlayerTtl = (byte)246;

        /// <summary>(245) Room Time To Live. How long a room stays available (and in server-memory), after the last player becomes inactive. After this time, the room gets persisted or destroyed.</summary>
        public const byte EmptyRoomTtl = (byte)245;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Class for constants. These values are for events defined by Photon LoadBalancing.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>They start at 255 and go DOWN. Your own in-game events can start at 0. These constants are used internally.</remarks>
    public class EventCode
    {
        /// <summary>(230) Initial list of RoomInfos (in lobby on Master)</summary>
        public const byte GameList = 230;

        /// <summary>(229) Update of RoomInfos to be merged into "initial" list (in lobby on Master)</summary>
        public const byte GameListUpdate = 229;

        /// <summary>(228) Currently not used. State of queueing in case of server-full</summary>
        public const byte QueueState = 228;

        /// <summary>(227) Currently not used. Event for matchmaking</summary>
        public const byte Match = 227;

        /// <summary>(226) Event with stats about this application (players, rooms, etc)</summary>
        public const byte AppStats = 226;

        /// <summary>(224) This event provides a list of lobbies with their player and game counts.</summary>
        public const byte LobbyStats = 224;

        /// <summary>(210) Internally used in case of hosting by Azure</summary>
        [Obsolete("TCP routing was removed after becoming obsolete.")]
        public const byte AzureNodeInfo = 210;

        /// <summary>(255) Event Join: someone joined the game. The new actorNumber is provided as well as the properties of that actor (if set in OpJoin).</summary>
        public const byte Join = (byte)255;

        /// <summary>(254) Event Leave: The player who left the game can be identified by the actorNumber.</summary>
        public const byte Leave = (byte)254;

        /// <summary>(253) When you call OpSetProperties with the broadcast option "on", this event is fired. It contains the properties being set.</summary>
        public const byte PropertiesChanged = (byte)253;

        /// <summary>(253) When you call OpSetProperties with the broadcast option "on", this event is fired. It contains the properties being set.</summary>
        [Obsolete("Use PropertiesChanged now.")]
        public const byte SetProperties = (byte)253;

        /// (252) When player left game unexpected and the room has a playerTtl != 0, this event is fired to let everyone know about the timeout.
        /// Obsolete. Replaced by Leave. public const byte Disconnect = LiteEventCode.Disconnect;

        /// <summary>(251) Sent by Photon Cloud when a plugin-call or webhook-call failed or events cache limit exceeded. Usually, the execution on the server continues, despite the issue. Contains: ParameterCode.Info.</summary>
        /// <seealso cref="https://doc.photonengine.com/en-us/realtime/current/reference/webhooks#options"/>
        public const byte ErrorInfo = 251;

        /// <summary>(250) Sent by Photon whent he event cache slice was changed. Done by OpRaiseEvent.</summary>
        public const byte CacheSliceChanged = 250;

        /// <summary>(223) Sent by Photon to update a token before it times out.</summary>
        public const byte AuthEvent = 223;
    }


    /// <summary>Class for constants. Codes for parameters of Operations and Events.</summary>
    /// <remarks>These constants are used internally.</remarks>
    public class ParameterCode
    {
        /// <summary>(237) A bool parameter for creating games. If set to true, no room events are sent to the clients on join and leave. Default: false (and not sent).</summary>
        public const byte SuppressRoomEvents = 237;

        /// <summary>(236) Time To Live (TTL) for a room when the last player leaves. Keeps room in memory for case a player re-joins soon. In milliseconds.</summary>
        public const byte EmptyRoomTTL = 236;

        /// <summary>(235) Time To Live (TTL) for an 'actor' in a room. If a client disconnects, this actor is inactive first and removed after this timeout. In milliseconds.</summary>
        public const byte PlayerTTL = 235;

        /// <summary>(234) Optional parameter of OpRaiseEvent and OpSetCustomProperties to forward the event/operation to a web-service.</summary>
        public const byte EventForward = 234;

        /// <summary>(233) Optional parameter of OpLeave in async games. If false, the player does abandons the game (forever). By default players become inactive and can re-join.</summary>
        [Obsolete("Use: IsInactive")]
        public const byte IsComingBack = (byte)233;

        /// <summary>(233) Used in EvLeave to describe if a user is inactive (and might come back) or not. In rooms with PlayerTTL, becoming inactive is the default case.</summary>
        public const byte IsInactive = (byte)233;

        /// <summary>(232) Used when creating rooms to define if any userid can join the room only once.</summary>
        public const byte CheckUserOnJoin = (byte)232;

        /// <summary>(231) Code for "Check And Swap" (CAS) when changing properties.</summary>
        public const byte ExpectedValues = (byte)231;

        /// <summary>(230) Address of a (game) server to use.</summary>
        public const byte Address = 230;

        /// <summary>(229) Count of players in this application in a rooms (used in stats event)</summary>
        public const byte PeerCount = 229;

        /// <summary>(228) Count of games in this application (used in stats event)</summary>
        public const byte GameCount = 228;

        /// <summary>(227) Count of players on the master server (in this app, looking for rooms)</summary>
        public const byte MasterPeerCount = 227;

        /// <summary>(225) User's ID</summary>
        public const byte UserId = 225;

        /// <summary>(224) Your application's ID: a name on your own Photon or a GUID on the Photon Cloud</summary>
        public const byte ApplicationId = 224;

        /// <summary>(223) Not used currently (as "Position"). If you get queued before connect, this is your position</summary>
        public const byte Position = 223;

        /// <summary>(223) Modifies the matchmaking algorithm used for OpJoinRandom. Allowed parameter values are defined in enum MatchmakingMode.</summary>
        public const byte MatchMakingType = 223;

        /// <summary>(222) List of RoomInfos about open / listed rooms</summary>
        public const byte GameList = 222;

        /// <summary>(221) Internally used to establish encryption</summary>
        public const byte Token = 221;

        /// <summary>(220) Version of your application</summary>
        public const byte AppVersion = 220;

        /// <summary>(210) Internally used in case of hosting by Azure</summary>
        [Obsolete("TCP routing was removed after becoming obsolete.")]
        public const byte AzureNodeInfo = 210;	// only used within events, so use: EventCode.AzureNodeInfo

        /// <summary>(209) Internally used in case of hosting by Azure</summary>
        [Obsolete("TCP routing was removed after becoming obsolete.")]
        public const byte AzureLocalNodeId = 209;

        /// <summary>(208) Internally used in case of hosting by Azure</summary>
        [Obsolete("TCP routing was removed after becoming obsolete.")]
        public const byte AzureMasterNodeId = 208;

        /// <summary>(255) Code for the gameId/roomName (a unique name per room). Used in OpJoin and similar.</summary>
        public const byte RoomName = (byte)255;

        /// <summary>(250) Code for broadcast parameter of OpSetProperties method.</summary>
        public const byte Broadcast = (byte)250;

        /// <summary>(252) Code for list of players in a room.</summary>
        public const byte ActorList = (byte)252;

        /// <summary>(254) Code of the Actor of an operation. Used for property get and set.</summary>
        public const byte ActorNr = (byte)254;

        /// <summary>(249) Code for property set (Hashtable).</summary>
        public const byte PlayerProperties = (byte)249;

        /// <summary>(245) Code of data/custom content of an event. Used in OpRaiseEvent.</summary>
        public const byte CustomEventContent = (byte)245;

        /// <summary>(245) Code of data of an event. Used in OpRaiseEvent.</summary>
        public const byte Data = (byte)245;

        /// <summary>(244) Code used when sending some code-related parameter, like OpRaiseEvent's event-code.</summary>
        /// <remarks>This is not the same as the Operation's code, which is no longer sent as part of the parameter Dictionary in Photon 3.</remarks>
        public const byte Code = (byte)244;

        /// <summary>(248) Code for property set (Hashtable).</summary>
        public const byte GameProperties = (byte)248;

        /// <summary>
        /// (251) Code for property-set (Hashtable). This key is used when sending only one set of properties.
        /// If either ActorProperties or GameProperties are used (or both), check those keys.
        /// </summary>
        public const byte Properties = (byte)251;

        /// <summary>(253) Code of the target Actor of an operation. Used for property set. Is 0 for game</summary>
        public const byte TargetActorNr = (byte)253;

        /// <summary>(246) Code to select the receivers of events (used in Lite, Operation RaiseEvent).</summary>
        public const byte ReceiverGroup = (byte)246;

        /// <summary>(247) Code for caching events while raising them.</summary>
        public const byte Cache = (byte)247;

        /// <summary>(241) Bool parameter of CreateGame Operation. If true, server cleans up roomcache of leaving players (their cached events get removed).</summary>
        public const byte CleanupCacheOnLeave = (byte)241;

        /// <summary>(240) Code for "group" operation-parameter (as used in Op RaiseEvent).</summary>
        public const byte Group = 240;

        /// <summary>(239) The "Remove" operation-parameter can be used to remove something from a list. E.g. remove groups from player's interest groups.</summary>
        public const byte Remove = 239;

        /// <summary>(239) Used in Op Join to define if UserIds of the players are broadcast in the room. Useful for FindFriends and reserving slots for expected users.</summary>
        public const byte PublishUserId = 239;

        /// <summary>(238) The "Add" operation-parameter can be used to add something to some list or set. E.g. add groups to player's interest groups.</summary>
        public const byte Add = 238;

        /// <summary>(218) Content for EventCode.ErrorInfo and internal debug operations.</summary>
        public const byte Info = 218;

        /// <summary>(217) This key's (byte) value defines the target custom authentication type/service the client connects with. Used in OpAuthenticate</summary>
        public const byte ClientAuthenticationType = 217;

        /// <summary>(216) This key's (string) value provides parameters sent to the custom authentication type/service the client connects with. Used in OpAuthenticate</summary>
        public const byte ClientAuthenticationParams = 216;

        /// <summary>(215) Makes the server create a room if it doesn't exist. OpJoin uses this to always enter a room, unless it exists and is full/closed.</summary>
        // public const byte CreateIfNotExists = 215;

        /// <summary>(215) The JoinMode enum defines which variant of joining a room will be executed: Join only if available, create if not exists or re-join.</summary>
        /// <remarks>Replaces CreateIfNotExists which was only a bool-value.</remarks>
        public const byte JoinMode = 215;

        /// <summary>(214) This key's (string or byte[]) value provides parameters sent to the custom authentication service setup in Photon Dashboard. Used in OpAuthenticate</summary>
        public const byte ClientAuthenticationData = 214;

        /// <summary>(203) Code for MasterClientId, which is synced by server. When sent as op-parameter this is code 203.</summary>
        /// <remarks>Tightly related to GamePropertyKey.MasterClientId.</remarks>
        public const byte MasterClientId = (byte)203;

        /// <summary>(1) Used in Op FindFriends request. Value must be string[] of friends to look up.</summary>
        public const byte FindFriendsRequestList = (byte)1;

        /// <summary>(2) Used in Op FindFriends request. An integer containing option-flags to filter the results.</summary>
        public const byte FindFriendsOptions = (byte)2;

        /// <summary>(1) Used in Op FindFriends response. Contains bool[] list of online states (false if not online).</summary>
        public const byte FindFriendsResponseOnlineList = (byte)1;

        /// <summary>(2) Used in Op FindFriends response. Contains string[] of room names ("" where not known or no room joined).</summary>
        public const byte FindFriendsResponseRoomIdList = (byte)2;

        /// <summary>(213) Used in matchmaking-related methods and when creating a room to name a lobby (to join or to attach a room to).</summary>
        public const byte LobbyName = (byte)213;

        /// <summary>(212) Used in matchmaking-related methods and when creating a room to define the type of a lobby. Combined with the lobby name this identifies the lobby.</summary>
        public const byte LobbyType = (byte)212;

        /// <summary>(211) This (optional) parameter can be sent in Op Authenticate to turn on Lobby Stats (info about lobby names and their user- and game-counts).</summary>
        public const byte LobbyStats = (byte)211;

        /// <summary>(210) Used for region values in OpAuth and OpGetRegions.</summary>
        public const byte Region = (byte)210;

        /// <summary>(209) Path of the WebRPC that got called. Also known as "WebRpc Name". Type: string.</summary>
        public const byte UriPath = 209;

        /// <summary>(208) Parameters for a WebRPC as: Dictionary&lt;string, object&gt;. This will get serialized to JSon.</summary>
        public const byte WebRpcParameters = 208;

        /// <summary>(207) ReturnCode for the WebRPC, as sent by the web service (not by Photon, which uses ErrorCode). Type: byte.</summary>
        public const byte WebRpcReturnCode = 207;

        /// <summary>(206) Message returned by WebRPC server. Analog to Photon's debug message. Type: string.</summary>
        public const byte WebRpcReturnMessage = 206;

        /// <summary>(205) Used to define a "slice" for cached events. Slices can easily be removed from cache. Type: int.</summary>
        public const byte CacheSliceIndex = 205;

        /// <summary>(204) Informs the server of the expected plugin setup.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// The operation will fail in case of a plugin mismatch returning error code PluginMismatch 32751(0x7FFF - 16).
        /// Setting string[]{} means the client expects no plugin to be setup.
        /// Note: for backwards compatibility null omits any check.
        /// </remarks>
        public const byte Plugins = 204;

        /// <summary>(202) Used by the server in Operation Responses, when it sends the nickname of the client (the user's nickname).</summary>
        public const byte NickName = 202;

        /// <summary>(201) Informs user about name of plugin load to game</summary>
        public const byte PluginName = 201;

        /// <summary>(200) Informs user about version of plugin load to game</summary>
        public const byte PluginVersion = 200;

        /// <summary>(196) Cluster info provided in OpAuthenticate/OpAuthenticateOnce responses.</summary>
        public const byte Cluster = 196;

        /// <summary>(195) Protocol which will be used by client to connect master/game servers. Used for nameserver.</summary>
        public const byte ExpectedProtocol = 195;

        /// <summary>(194) Set of custom parameters which are sent in auth request.</summary>
        public const byte CustomInitData = 194;

        /// <summary>(193) How are we going to encrypt data.</summary>
        public const byte EncryptionMode = 193;

        /// <summary>(192) Parameter of Authentication, which contains encryption keys (depends on AuthMode and EncryptionMode).</summary>
        public const byte EncryptionData = 192;

        /// <summary>(191) An int parameter summarizing several boolean room-options with bit-flags.</summary>
        public const byte RoomOptionFlags = 191;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Class for constants. Contains operation codes.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>These constants are used internally.</remarks>
    public class OperationCode
    {
        [Obsolete("Exchanging encrpytion keys is done internally in the lib now. Don't expect this operation-result.")]
        public const byte ExchangeKeysForEncryption = 250;

        /// <summary>(255) Code for OpJoin, to get into a room.</summary>
        [Obsolete]
        public const byte Join = 255;

        /// <summary>(231) Authenticates this peer and connects to a virtual application</summary>
        public const byte AuthenticateOnce = 231;

        /// <summary>(230) Authenticates this peer and connects to a virtual application</summary>
        public const byte Authenticate = 230;

        /// <summary>(229) Joins lobby (on master)</summary>
        public const byte JoinLobby = 229;

        /// <summary>(228) Leaves lobby (on master)</summary>
        public const byte LeaveLobby = 228;

        /// <summary>(227) Creates a game (or fails if name exists)</summary>
        public const byte CreateGame = 227;

        /// <summary>(226) Join game (by name)</summary>
        public const byte JoinGame = 226;

        /// <summary>(225) Joins random game (on master)</summary>
        public const byte JoinRandomGame = 225;

        // public const byte CancelJoinRandom = 224; // obsolete, cause JoinRandom no longer is a "process". now provides result immediately

        /// <summary>(254) Code for OpLeave, to get out of a room.</summary>
        public const byte Leave = (byte)254;

        /// <summary>(253) Raise event (in a room, for other actors/players)</summary>
        public const byte RaiseEvent = (byte)253;

        /// <summary>(252) Set Properties (of room or actor/player)</summary>
        public const byte SetProperties = (byte)252;

        /// <summary>(251) Get Properties</summary>
        public const byte GetProperties = (byte)251;

        /// <summary>(248) Operation code to change interest groups in Rooms (Lite application and extending ones).</summary>
        public const byte ChangeGroups = (byte)248;

        /// <summary>(222) Request the rooms and online status for a list of friends (by name, which should be unique).</summary>
        public const byte FindFriends = 222;

        /// <summary>(221) Request statistics about a specific list of lobbies (their user and game count).</summary>
        public const byte GetLobbyStats = 221;

        /// <summary>(220) Get list of regional servers from a NameServer.</summary>
        public const byte GetRegions = 220;

        /// <summary>(219) WebRpc Operation.</summary>
        public const byte WebRpc = 219;

        /// <summary>(218) Operation to set some server settings. Used with different parameters on various servers.</summary>
        public const byte ServerSettings = 218;

        /// <summary>(217) Get the game list matching a supplied sql filter (SqlListLobby only) </summary>
        public const byte GetGameList = 217;
    }

    /// <summary>Defines possible values for OpJoinRoom and OpJoinOrCreate. It tells the server if the room can be only be joined normally, created implicitly or found on a web-service for Turnbased games.</summary>
    /// <remarks>These values are not directly used by a game but implicitly set.</remarks>
    public enum JoinMode : byte
    {
        /// <summary>Regular join. The room must exist.</summary>
        Default = 0,

        /// <summary>Join or create the room if it's not existing. Used for OpJoinOrCreate for example.</summary>
        CreateIfNotExists = 1,

        /// <summary>The room might be out of memory and should be loaded (if possible) from a Turnbased web-service.</summary>
        JoinOrRejoin = 2,

        /// <summary>Only re-join will be allowed. If the user is not yet in the room, this will fail.</summary>
        RejoinOnly = 3,
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Options for matchmaking rules for OpJoinRandom.
    /// </summary>
    public enum MatchmakingMode : byte
    {
        /// <summary>Fills up rooms (oldest first) to get players together as fast as possible. Default.</summary>
        /// <remarks>Makes most sense with MaxPlayers > 0 and games that can only start with more players.</remarks>
        FillRoom = 0,

        /// <summary>Distributes players across available rooms sequentially but takes filter into account. Without filter, rooms get players evenly distributed.</summary>
        SerialMatching = 1,

        /// <summary>Joins a (fully) random room. Expected properties must match but aside from this, any available room might be selected.</summary>
        RandomMatching = 2
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Lite - OpRaiseEvent lets you chose which actors in the room should receive events.
    /// By default, events are sent to "Others" but you can overrule this.
    /// </summary>
    public enum ReceiverGroup : byte
    {
        /// <summary>Default value (not sent). Anyone else gets my event.</summary>
        Others = 0,

        /// <summary>Everyone in the current room (including this peer) will get this event.</summary>
        All = 1,

        /// <summary>The server sends this event only to the actor with the lowest actorNumber.</summary>
        /// <remarks>The "master client" does not have special rights but is the one who is in this room the longest time.</remarks>
        MasterClient = 2,
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Lite - OpRaiseEvent allows you to cache events and automatically send them to joining players in a room.
    /// Events are cached per event code and player: Event 100 (example!) can be stored once per player.
    /// Cached events can be modified, replaced and removed.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// Caching works only combination with ReceiverGroup options Others and All.
    /// </remarks>
    public enum EventCaching : byte
    {
        /// <summary>Default value (not sent).</summary>
        DoNotCache = 0,

        /// <summary>Will merge this event's keys with those already cached.</summary>
        [Obsolete]
        MergeCache = 1,

        /// <summary>Replaces the event cache for this eventCode with this event's content.</summary>
        [Obsolete]
        ReplaceCache = 2,

        /// <summary>Removes this event (by eventCode) from the cache.</summary>
        [Obsolete]
        RemoveCache = 3,

        /// <summary>Adds an event to the room's cache</summary>
        AddToRoomCache = 4,

        /// <summary>Adds this event to the cache for actor 0 (becoming a "globally owned" event in the cache).</summary>
        AddToRoomCacheGlobal = 5,

        /// <summary>Remove fitting event from the room's cache.</summary>
        RemoveFromRoomCache = 6,

        /// <summary>Removes events of players who already left the room (cleaning up).</summary>
        RemoveFromRoomCacheForActorsLeft = 7,

        /// <summary>Increase the index of the sliced cache.</summary>
        SliceIncreaseIndex = 10,

        /// <summary>Set the index of the sliced cache. You must set RaiseEventOptions.CacheSliceIndex for this.</summary>
        SliceSetIndex = 11,

        /// <summary>Purge cache slice with index. Exactly one slice is removed from cache. You must set RaiseEventOptions.CacheSliceIndex for this.</summary>
        SlicePurgeIndex = 12,

        /// <summary>Purge cache slices with specified index and anything lower than that. You must set RaiseEventOptions.CacheSliceIndex for this.</summary>
        SlicePurgeUpToIndex = 13,
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Flags for "types of properties", being used as filter in OpGetProperties.
    /// </summary>
    [Flags]
    public enum PropertyTypeFlag : byte
    {
        /// <summary>(0x00) Flag type for no property type.</summary>
        None = 0x00,

        /// <summary>(0x01) Flag type for game-attached properties.</summary>
        Game = 0x01,

        /// <summary>(0x02) Flag type for actor related propeties.</summary>
        Actor = 0x02,

        /// <summary>(0x01) Flag type for game AND actor properties. Equal to 'Game'</summary>
        GameAndActor = Game | Actor
    }


    /// <summary>Wraps up common room properties needed when you create rooms. Read the individual entries for more details.</summary>
    /// <remarks>This directly maps to the fields in the Room class.</remarks>
    public class RoomOptions
    {
        /// <summary>Defines if this room is listed in the lobby. If not, it also is not joined randomly.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// A room that is not visible will be excluded from the room lists that are sent to the clients in lobbies.
        /// An invisible room can be joined by name but is excluded from random matchmaking.
        ///
        /// Use this to "hide" a room and simulate "private rooms". Players can exchange a roomname and create it
        /// invisble to avoid anyone else joining it.
        /// </remarks>
        public bool IsVisible { get { return this.isVisible; } set { this.isVisible = value; } }
        private bool isVisible = true;

        /// <summary>Defines if this room can be joined at all.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If a room is closed, no player can join this. As example this makes sense when 3 of 4 possible players
        /// start their gameplay early and don't want anyone to join during the game.
        /// The room can still be listed in the lobby (set isVisible to control lobby-visibility).
        /// </remarks>
        public bool IsOpen { get { return this.isOpen; } set { this.isOpen = value; } }
        private bool isOpen = true;

        /// <summary>Max number of players that can be in the room at any time. 0 means "no limit".</summary>
        public byte MaxPlayers;

        /// <summary>Time To Live (TTL) for an 'actor' in a room. If a client disconnects, this actor is inactive first and removed after this timeout. In milliseconds.</summary>
        public int PlayerTtl;

        /// <summary>Time To Live (TTL) for a room when the last player leaves. Keeps room in memory for case a player re-joins soon. In milliseconds.</summary>
        public int EmptyRoomTtl;

        /// <summary>Removes a user's events and properties from the room when a user leaves.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This makes sense when in rooms where players can't place items in the room and just vanish entirely.
        /// When you disable this, the event history can become too long to load if the room stays in use indefinitely.
        /// Default: true. Cleans up the cache and props of leaving users.
        /// </remarks>
        public bool CleanupCacheOnLeave { get { return this.cleanupCacheOnLeave; } set { this.cleanupCacheOnLeave = value; } }
        private bool cleanupCacheOnLeave = true;

        /// <summary>The room's custom properties to set. Use string keys!</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Custom room properties are any key-values you need to define the game's setup.
        /// The shorter your keys are, the better.
        /// Example: Map, Mode (could be "m" when used with "Map"), TileSet (could be "t").
        /// </remarks>
        public Hashtable CustomRoomProperties;

        /// <summary>Defines the custom room properties that get listed in the lobby.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Name the custom room properties that should be available to clients that are in a lobby.
        /// Use with care. Unless a custom property is essential for matchmaking or user info, it should
        /// not be sent to the lobby, which causes traffic and delays for clients in the lobby.
        ///
        /// Default: No custom properties are sent to the lobby.
        /// </remarks>
        public string[] CustomRoomPropertiesForLobby = new string[0];

        /// <summary>Informs the server of the expected plugin setup.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// The operation will fail in case of a plugin missmatch returning error code PluginMismatch 32757(0x7FFF - 10).
        /// Setting string[]{} means the client expects no plugin to be setup.
        /// Note: for backwards compatibility null omits any check.
        /// </remarks>
        public string[] Plugins;

        /// <summary>
        /// Tells the server to skip room events for joining and leaving players.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Using this makes the client unaware of the other players in a room.
        /// That can save some traffic if you have some server logic that updates players
        /// but it can also limit the client's usability.
        /// </remarks>
        public bool SuppressRoomEvents { get; set; }

        /// <summary>Disables events join and leave from the server as well as property broadcasts in a room (to minimize traffic)</summary>
        public bool SuppressPlayerInfo { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Defines if the UserIds of players get "published" in the room. Useful for FindFriends, if players want to play another game together.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// When you set this to true, Photon will publish the UserIds of the players in that room.
        /// In that case, you can use PhotonPlayer.userId, to access any player's userID.
        /// This is useful for FindFriends and to set "expected users" to reserve slots in a room.
        /// </remarks>
        public bool PublishUserId { get; set; }

        /// <summary>Optionally, properties get deleted, when null gets assigned as value. Defaults to off / false.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// When Op SetProperties is setting a key's value to null, the server and clients should remove the key/value from the Custom Properties.
        /// By default, the server keeps the keys (and null values) and sends them to joining players.
        ///
        /// Important: Only when SetProperties does a "broadcast", the change (key, value = null) is sent to clients to update accordingly.
        /// This applies to Custom Properties for rooms and actors/players.
        /// </remarks>
        public bool DeleteNullProperties { get; set; }

        /// <summary>By default, property changes are sent back to the client that's setting them to avoid de-sync when properties are set concurrently.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This option is enables by default to fix this scenario:
        ///
        /// 1) On server, room property ABC is set to value FOO, which triggers notifications to all the clients telling them that the property changed.
        /// 2) While that notification is in flight, a client sets the ABC property to value BAR.
        /// 3) Client receives notification from the server and changes it<EFBFBD>s local copy of ABC to FOO.
        /// 4) Server receives the set operation and changes the official value of ABC to BAR, but never notifies the client that sent the set operation that the value is now BAR.
        ///
        /// Without this option, the client that set the value to BAR never hears from the server that the official copy has been updated to BAR, and thus gets stuck with a value of FOO.
        /// </remarks>
        public bool BroadcastPropsChangeToAll { get { return this.broadcastPropsChangeToAll; } set { this.broadcastPropsChangeToAll = value; } }
        private bool broadcastPropsChangeToAll = true;

        #if SERVERSDK
        public bool CheckUserOnJoin { get; set; }
        #endif
    }


    /// <summary>Aggregates several less-often used options for operation RaiseEvent. See field descriptions for usage details.</summary>
    public class RaiseEventOptions
    {
        /// <summary>Default options: CachingOption: DoNotCache, InterestGroup: 0, targetActors: null, receivers: Others, sequenceChannel: 0.</summary>
        public readonly static RaiseEventOptions Default = new RaiseEventOptions();

        /// <summary>Defines if the server should simply send the event, put it in the cache or remove events that are like this one.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// When using option: SliceSetIndex, SlicePurgeIndex or SlicePurgeUpToIndex, set a CacheSliceIndex. All other options except SequenceChannel get ignored.
        /// </remarks>
        public EventCaching CachingOption;

        /// <summary>The number of the Interest Group to send this to. 0 goes to all users but to get 1 and up, clients must subscribe to the group first.</summary>
        public byte InterestGroup;

        /// <summary>A list of Player.ActorNumbers to send this event to. You can implement events that just go to specific users this way.</summary>
        public int[] TargetActors;

        /// <summary>Sends the event to All, MasterClient or Others (default). Be careful with MasterClient, as the client might disconnect before it got the event and it gets lost.</summary>
        public ReceiverGroup Receivers;

        /// <summary>Events are ordered per "channel". If you have events that are independent of others, they can go into another sequence or channel.</summary>
        [Obsolete("Not used where SendOptions are a parameter too. Use SendOptions.Channel instead.")]
        public byte SequenceChannel;

        /// <summary> Optional flags to be used in Photon client SDKs with Op RaiseEvent and Op SetProperties.</summary>
        /// <remarks>Introduced mainly for webhooks 1.2 to control behavior of forwarded HTTP requests.</remarks>
        public WebFlags Flags = WebFlags.Default;

        ///// <summary>Used along with CachingOption SliceSetIndex, SlicePurgeIndex or SlicePurgeUpToIndex if you want to set or purge a specific cache-slice.</summary>
        //public int CacheSliceIndex;
    }

    /// <summary>Types of lobbies define their behaviour and capabilities. Check each value for details.</summary>
    /// <remarks>Values of this enum must be matched by the server.</remarks>
    public enum LobbyType :byte
    {
        /// <summary>Standard type and behaviour: While joined to this lobby clients get room-lists and JoinRandomRoom can use a simple filter to match properties (perfectly).</summary>
        Default = 0,
        /// <summary>This lobby type lists rooms like Default but JoinRandom has a parameter for SQL-like "where" clauses for filtering. This allows bigger, less, or and and combinations.</summary>
        SqlLobby = 2,
        /// <summary>This lobby does not send lists of games. It is only used for OpJoinRandomRoom. It keeps rooms available for a while when there are only inactive users left.</summary>
        AsyncRandomLobby = 3
    }

    /// <summary>Refers to a specific lobby on the server.</summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// Name and Type combined are the unique identifier for a lobby.<br/>
    /// The server will create lobbies "on demand", so no registration or setup is required.<br/>
    /// An empty or null Name always points to the "default lobby" as special case.
    /// </remarks>
    public class TypedLobby
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Name of the lobby. Default: null, pointing to the "default lobby".
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If Name is null or empty, a TypedLobby will point to the "default lobby". This ignores the Type value and always acts as  <see cref="LobbyType.Default"/>.
        /// </remarks>
        public string Name;

        /// <summary>
        /// Type (and behaviour) of the lobby.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// An empty or null Name always points to the "default lobby" as special case.
        /// </remarks>
        public LobbyType Type;

        /// <summary>
        /// A reference to the default lobby which is the unique lobby that uses null as name and is of type <see cref="LobbyType.Default"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// There is only a single lobby with an empty name on the server. It is always of type  <see cref="LobbyType.Default"/>.<br/>
        /// On the other hand, this is a shortcut and reusable reference to the default lobby.<br/>
        /// Do not change Name or Type.<br/>
        /// </remarks>
        public static readonly TypedLobby Default = new TypedLobby();

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns whether or not this instance points to the "default lobby" (<see cref="TypedLobby.Default"/>).
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This comes up to checking if the Name is null or empty.
        /// <see cref="LobbyType.Default"/> is not the same thing as the "default lobby" (<see cref="TypedLobby.Default"/>).
        /// </remarks>
        public bool IsDefault { get { return string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.Name); } }


        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a TypedLobby instance. Unless Name is changed, this points to the "default lobby" (<see cref="TypedLobby.Default"/>).
        /// </summary>
        internal TypedLobby()
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets Name and Type of the new instance. Make sure name is not empty or null, as that always points to the "default lobby" (<see cref="TypedLobby.Default"/>).
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">Some string to identify a lobby.</param>
        /// <param name="type">The type of a lobby defines it's capabilities and behaviour.</param>
        public TypedLobby(string name, LobbyType type)
        {
            this.Name = name;
            this.Type = type;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("lobby '{0}'[{1}]", this.Name, this.Type);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Info for a lobby on the server. Used when <see cref="LoadBalancingClient.EnableLobbyStatistics"/> is true.
    /// </summary>
    public class TypedLobbyInfo : TypedLobby
    {
        /// <summary>Count of players that currently joined this lobby.</summary>
        public int PlayerCount;

        /// <summary>Count of rooms currently associated with this lobby.</summary>
        public int RoomCount;

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("TypedLobbyInfo '{0}'[{1}] rooms: {2} players: {3}", this.Name, this.Type, this.RoomCount, this.PlayerCount);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Options for authentication modes. From "classic" auth on each server to AuthOnce (on NameServer).
    /// </summary>
    public enum AuthModeOption { Auth, AuthOnce, AuthOnceWss }


    /// <summary>
    /// Options for optional "Custom Authentication" services used with Photon. Used by OpAuthenticate after connecting to Photon.
    /// </summary>
    public enum CustomAuthenticationType : byte
    {
        /// <summary>Use a custom authentication service. Currently the only implemented option.</summary>
        Custom = 0,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their Steam Account. Set Steam's ticket as "ticket" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        Steam = 1,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their Facebook Account.  Set Facebooks's tocken as "token" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        Facebook = 2,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their Oculus Account and token. Set Oculus' userid as "userid" and nonce as "nonce" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        Oculus = 3,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their PSN Account and token on PS4. Set token as "token", env as "env" and userName as "userName" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        PlayStation4 = 4,
        [Obsolete("Use PlayStation4 or PlayStation5 as needed")]
        PlayStation = 4,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their Xbox Account. Pass the XSTS token via SetAuthPostData().</summary>
        Xbox = 5,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their HTC Viveport Account. Set userToken as "userToken" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        Viveport = 10,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their NSA ID. Set token  as "token" and appversion as "appversion" via AddAuthParameter(). The appversion is optional.</summary>
        NintendoSwitch = 11,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users by their PSN Account and token on PS5. Set token as "token", env as "env" and userName as "userName" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        PlayStation5 = 12,
        [Obsolete("Use PlayStation4 or PlayStation5 as needed")]
        Playstation5 = 12,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users with Epic Online Services (EOS). Set token as "token" and ownershipToken as "ownershipToken" via AddAuthParameter(). The ownershipToken is optional.</summary>
        Epic = 13,

        /// <summary>Authenticates users with Facebook Gaming api. Set token as "token" via AddAuthParameter().</summary>
        FacebookGaming = 15,

        /// <summary>Disables custom authentication. Same as not providing any AuthenticationValues for connect (more precisely for: OpAuthenticate).</summary>
        None = byte.MaxValue
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Container for user authentication in Photon. Set AuthValues before you connect - all else is handled.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// On Photon, user authentication is optional but can be useful in many cases.
    /// If you want to FindFriends, a unique ID per user is very practical.
    ///
    /// There are basically three options for user authentication: None at all, the client sets some UserId
    /// or you can use some account web-service to authenticate a user (and set the UserId server-side).
    ///
    /// Custom Authentication lets you verify end-users by some kind of login or token. It sends those
    /// values to Photon which will verify them before granting access or disconnecting the client.
    ///
    /// The AuthValues are sent in OpAuthenticate when you connect, so they must be set before you connect.
    /// If the AuthValues.UserId is null or empty when it's sent to the server, then the Photon Server assigns a UserId!
    ///
    /// The Photon Cloud Dashboard will let you enable this feature and set important server values for it.
    /// https://dashboard.photonengine.com
    /// </remarks>
    public class AuthenticationValues
    {
        /// <summary>See AuthType.</summary>
        private CustomAuthenticationType authType = CustomAuthenticationType.None;

        /// <summary>The type of authentication provider that should be used. Defaults to None (no auth whatsoever).</summary>
        /// <remarks>Several auth providers are available and CustomAuthenticationType.Custom can be used if you build your own service.</remarks>
        public CustomAuthenticationType AuthType
        {
            get { return authType; }
            set { authType = value; }
        }

        /// <summary>This string must contain any (http get) parameters expected by the used authentication service. By default, username and token.</summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Maps to operation parameter 216.
        /// Standard http get parameters are used here and passed on to the service that's defined in the server (Photon Cloud Dashboard).
        /// </remarks>
        public string AuthGetParameters { get; set; }

        /// <summary>Data to be passed-on to the auth service via POST. Default: null (not sent). Either string or byte[] (see setters).</summary>
        /// <remarks>Maps to operation parameter 214.</remarks>
        public object AuthPostData { get; private set; }

        /// <summary>Internal <b>Photon token</b>. After initial authentication, Photon provides a token for this client, subsequently used as (cached) validation.</summary>
        /// <remarks>Any token for custom authentication should be set via SetAuthPostData or AddAuthParameter.</remarks>
        public object Token { get; protected internal set; }

        /// <summary>The UserId should be a unique identifier per user. This is for finding friends, etc..</summary>
        /// <remarks>See remarks of AuthValues for info about how this is set and used.</remarks>
        public string UserId { get; set; }


        /// <summary>Creates empty auth values without any info.</summary>
        public AuthenticationValues()
        {
        }

        /// <summary>Creates minimal info about the user. If this is authenticated or not, depends on the set AuthType.</summary>
        /// <param name="userId">Some UserId to set in Photon.</param>
        public AuthenticationValues(string userId)
        {
            this.UserId = userId;
        }

        /// <summary>Sets the data to be passed-on to the auth service via POST.</summary>
        /// <remarks>AuthPostData is just one value. Each SetAuthPostData replaces any previous value. It can be either a string, a byte[] or a dictionary.</remarks>
        /// <param name="stringData">String data to be used in the body of the POST request. Null or empty string will set AuthPostData to null.</param>
        public virtual void SetAuthPostData(string stringData)
        {
            this.AuthPostData = (string.IsNullOrEmpty(stringData)) ? null : stringData;
        }

        /// <summary>Sets the data to be passed-on to the auth service via POST.</summary>
        /// <remarks>AuthPostData is just one value. Each SetAuthPostData replaces any previous value. It can be either a string, a byte[] or a dictionary.</remarks>
        /// <param name="byteData">Binary token / auth-data to pass on.</param>
        public virtual void SetAuthPostData(byte[] byteData)
        {
            this.AuthPostData = byteData;
        }

        /// <summary>Sets data to be passed-on to the auth service as Json (Content-Type: "application/json") via Post.</summary>
        /// <remarks>AuthPostData is just one value. Each SetAuthPostData replaces any previous value. It can be either a string, a byte[] or a dictionary.</remarks>
        /// <param name="dictData">A authentication-data dictionary will be converted to Json and passed to the Auth webservice via HTTP Post.</param>
        public virtual void SetAuthPostData(Dictionary<string, object> dictData)
        {
            this.AuthPostData = dictData;
        }

        /// <summary>Adds a key-value pair to the get-parameters used for Custom Auth (AuthGetParameters).</summary>
        /// <remarks>This method does uri-encoding for you.</remarks>
        /// <param name="key">Key for the value to set.</param>
        /// <param name="value">Some value relevant for Custom Authentication.</param>
        public virtual void AddAuthParameter(string key, string value)
        {
            string ampersand = string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.AuthGetParameters) ? "" : "&";
            this.AuthGetParameters = string.Format("{0}{1}{2}={3}", this.AuthGetParameters, ampersand, System.Uri.EscapeDataString(key), System.Uri.EscapeDataString(value));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Transform this object into string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>String info about this object's values.</returns>
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("AuthenticationValues = AuthType: {0} UserId: {1}{2}{3}{4}",
                                 this.AuthType,
                                 this.UserId,
                                 string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.AuthGetParameters) ? " GetParameters: yes" : "",
                                 this.AuthPostData == null ? "" : " PostData: yes",
                                 this.Token == null ? "" : " Token: yes");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Make a copy of the current object.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="copy">The object to be copied into.</param>
        /// <returns>The copied object.</returns>
        public AuthenticationValues CopyTo(AuthenticationValues copy)
        {
            copy.AuthType = this.AuthType;
            copy.AuthGetParameters = this.AuthGetParameters;
            copy.AuthPostData = this.AuthPostData;
            copy.UserId = this.UserId;
            return copy;
        }
    }
}